Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)

What is Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to treat chronic sinus conditions that do not respond well to medication. Using a small endoscope inserted through the nostril, your ENT specialist can access and clear blocked sinus pathways without external cuts or scars.

This helps restore natural sinus drainage and improves breathing, reducing the risk of recurring infections.

How does FESS help sinus conditions?

FESS is often recommended for patients with:

Chronic sinusitis that persists despite antibiotics or nasal sprays
Nasal polyps that obstruct breathing
Recurrent sinus infections
Mucus buildup leading to pressure and discomfort

By removing blockages and opening up the sinus passages, FESS:

What to expect during the procedure

FESS is a minimally invasive surgery performed under general anaesthesia

1

The surgeon inserts a thin telescope (endoscope) into the nose
2

Special instruments are used to gently remove blockages, polyps, or diseased tissue
3

No external incisions are made; the procedure is done entirely through the nostrils
4

Surgery typically lasts 1–2 hours depending on complexity

Recovery after FESS

Most patients can go home on the same day or the next day after surgery. Patients may experience:

Mild nasal congestion or discharge is common for the first 1–2 weeks
You may experience slight blood-stained mucus during healing
Breathing should improve progressively as swelling subsides

Your doctor will schedule follow-up appointments to check healing and may recommend nasal rinses or sprays to keep the passages clear.

Do’s and Don’ts After FESS

Do:

Use prescribed nasal rinses and sprays as instructed
Attend all follow-up visits for cleaning and monitoring
Rest for the first few days after surgery
Maintain good hydration and a balanced diet to aid recovery

Don'ts:

Avoid strenuous exercise, heavy lifting, or bending forward for 1–2 weeks
Do not blow your nose forcefully until advised
Refrain from smoking or exposure to second-hand smoke
Avoid dusty or polluted environments during early recovery

When to call your doctor

Seek immediate medical advice if you experience:

Is FESS right for you?

Not every sinus problem requires surgery. Many cases can be managed with medication or lifestyle changes. If your symptoms persist despite treatment, FESS may provide long-term relief. Your ENT specialist will guide you through the most suitable options.